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SN 1572 (''Tycho's Supernova'', ''Tycho's Nova''), "B Cassiopeiae" (B Cas), or ''3C 10'' was a supernova of Type Ia〔 in the constellation Cassiopeia, one of about eight supernovae visible to the naked eye in historical records. It appeared in early November 1572 and was independently discovered by many individuals.〔(''Blast From The Past: Astronomers Resurrect 16th-Century Supernova'' ) ScienceDaily (Dec. 4, 2008)〕 ==Historic description== The appearance of the Milky Way supernova of 1572 belongs among the more important observation events in the history of astronomy. The appearance of the "new star" helped to revise ancient models of the heavens and to speed on a revolution in astronomy that began with the realized need to produce better astrometric star catalogues (and thus the need for more precise astronomical observing instruments). It also challenged the Aristotelian dogma of the unchangeability of the realm of stars. The supernova of 1572 is often called "Tycho's supernova", because of Tycho Brahe's extensive work ''De nova et nullius aevi memoria prius visa stella'' ("Concerning the Star, new and never before seen in the life or memory of anyone", published in 1573 with reprints overseen by Johannes Kepler in 1602, and 1610), a work containing both Tycho Brahe's own observations and the analysis of sightings from many other observers. Tycho was not even close to being the first to observe the 1572 supernova, although he was probably the most accurate observer of the object (though not by much over some of his European colleagues like Wolfgang Schuler, Thomas Digges, John Dee, Francesco Maurolico, Jerónimo Muñoz, Tadeáš Hájek, or Bartholomäus Reisacher〔''(De mirabili Novae ac splendidis stellae, Mense Nouembri anni 1572, primum conspectæ, ac etiam nunc apparentis, Phœnomeno )''〕). In England, Queen Elizabeth called to her the mathematician and astrologer Thomas Allen, "to have his advice about the new Star that appeared in the Cassiopeia to which he gave his Judgement very learnedly", as the antiquary John Aubrey recorded in his memoranda a century later.〔Oliver Lawson Dick, ed., ''Aubrey's Brief Lives. Edited from the Original Manuscripts'', 1949, ''s.v.'' "Thomas Allen" p. 5.〕 In Ming dynasty China, the star became an issue between Zhang Juzheng and the young Wanli Emperor: in accordance with the cosmological tradition, the emperor was warned to consider his misbehavior, since the new star was interpreted as an evil omen.〔''Science and Civilization in China'', v.3 pp.425-6; cf. ''1587, a Year of No Significance''.〕 The more reliable contemporary reports state that the new star itself burst forth sometime between November 2 and 6, in 1572, when it rivalled Venus in brightness. The supernova remained visible to the naked eye into 1574, gradually fading until it disappeared from view. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SN 1572」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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